PC controller board
Embedded computers are a subtype of PC, consisting of a processor and other hardware components that are built to perform a specific software-controlled task. Embedded systems are often considered miniature computers. They are also known as microcontrollers or single-board computers.
A PC controller board consists of a CPU, memory, and other peripherals. It can be designed to have a variety of features, including multiple communication ports, expandable memory, and wireless capabilities. Some of these devices have a small form factor, whereas others are a bit more rugged.
Embedded computers need lots of memory for fast access to information. RAM is important, because it is a volatile memory that is erased every time the system is turned off. Embedded computers with high RAM are more responsive and have higher performance. In addition, most embedded computers have a wide range of I/O ports. This lets the systems connect to legacy and new technology, sensors, and the Internet.
Embedded computers are becoming more essential in modern technology. They are already used in a variety of functions, from industrial automation to digital signage, as well as in self-driving cars.
Microcontrollers
PC controller boards are essentially embedded computers with a processor and memory. These processors are designed to run software and perform calculations within a computer system. They integrate with other components like memory and I/O devices. A microcontroller is a simpler version of an embedded processor. Several microcontrollers can work together on the same chip.
Some processors include an operating system. BIOS is a software program that runs before the operating system, and it is usually programmed onto the processor by a bootloader. BIOS also controls the display, input, and storage devices attached to the processor. It also handles network communications. Often, a PC controller board contains more than one processor. Each microcontroller can be programmed independently or together.
Programming a microcontroller is done with a variety of languages. The most common is C. However, many newer processors are being developed in Python. Almost every microcontroller comes with a toolchain, which consists of a compiler and linker.